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From Graphite to Application-Ready rGO

rGO performance in an industrial system is only as good as the consistency of the material entering it. Variability in surface area, oxygen content, or particle size between batches translates directly into unpredictable performance in the field.

Our process is designed around one objective

reproducible material to specification. Three stages, each with defined control parameters.

Stage 1 — Controlled Oxidation

High-purity graphite is oxidised under controlled temperature and reagent conditions to produce graphene oxide with a defined oxygen content and interlayer spacing. This process is protected by two granted patents The oxidation stage determines the starting functional group profile — the foundation on which reduction is built.

Key control parameters: reagent ratios, reaction temperature, reaction time, graphite particle size. Each batch is characterised before proceeding to reduction.

Stage 2 — Proprietary Reduction

Graphene oxide is reduced to rGO through our proprietary reduction process. Reduction conditions are adjusted to produce the target C/O ratio, surface area, and functional group profile for each grade.

This is not a single fixed process. It is a tunable process — which is why we can produce multiple grades from the same precursor material. The reduction parameters are the intellectual property of Novo Graphene.

Stage 3 — Dispersion and Packaging

Reduced rGO is processed into the final supply format — aqueous ink or dry powder — at defined concentration and particle size distribution. Aqueous dispersions are prepared without organic solvents, making them directly compatible with water-based coating and concrete systems.

Final product characterisation is conducted before release. Each batch is accompanied by a certificate of analysis covering the parameters relevant to the grade specification.

Quality and Characterisation

Batch characterisation covers the following parameters as standard:

Parameter

Method / Significance

BET Surface Area

N₂ adsorption — determines interface bonding capacity and reinforcement efficiency

C/O Ratio

XPS or elemental analysis — indicates reduction extent and conductivity level

D/G Ratio (Raman)

Raman spectroscopy — measures defect density and structural quality

Particle Size (D50/D90)

Laser diffraction — controls processing compatibility and dispersion stability

Dispersibility

Visual and zeta potential assessment — confirms aqueous stability for ink grades

Moisture Content

TGA — relevant to dry powder grades and shelf life

Production Base

Novo Graphene operates from its production facility in Aurangabad (Ch. Sambhaji Nagar), Maharashtra. The facility supports both application-specific grade production and standard commercial supply.

Our production capacity has scale-up pathway in place. Customers requiring larger volumes are invited to discuss supply agreements directly.

Minimum order quantities and lead times are available on request. Samples for formulation trials are available to qualified industrial buyers.